What Is A Solar Combiner Box?

Before we can answer the question posed by the title of this blog, it’s important that we offer you a few other definitions. Photovoltaics (PV) can be defined as the conversion of light into electricity. This is achieved through semiconducting materials that exhibit a photovoltaic effect. A photovoltaic array, which is also known as a solar array, is a linked collection of solar modules. In order to generate enough power to adequately meet the needs of a home or business, these modules must be linked together in order to form an array. In a large solar photovoltaic array, multiple solar modules are connected in a string. This excels the voltage levels to make them ideal for the inverter. Several strings of solar modules are then combined together. This multiplies the string output currents to greater levels for input into the inverter.

What is the function of a solar combiner box?

It’s similar to a junction box, which is an electrical enclosure that securely unites multiple wires and cables through various ports of entry. A solar combiner box combines the output of numerous strings of PV modules for connection to the inverter. Generally, it houses the input overcurrent protection fuse assemblies for multiple strings. The number of strings can range anywhere between three and 52. A solar combiner box can also house a number of other components such as string monitoring hardware, surge protective devices and DC disconnects. Selecting the ideal solar combiner box requires that you have a good understanding of the site and the difficulty of the job. You should also be well aware of the other components and their relation to the combiner.

What factors must be considered when evaluating a solar combiner box?

Factor number one is the enclosure. The majority of solar combiner boxes come in outdoor enclosures. The minimum requirement is NEMA 3R although NEMA 4 steel and NEMA 4X non-metallic enclosures are more common. You’ll want to keep climate in mind. In areas where high humidity or frequent changes in humidity is common, it’s wise to include a breather or condensation vent. This will enable pressure equalization to the enclosure. It also prevents water molecules from entering the solar combiner box. In many cases, choosing the right solar combiner box comes down to availability and cost. If you are installing your box in a residential building, an off-the-shelf solution may be ideal. They often offer a number of potential configurations. The customization feature helps you to save both time and unnecessary expenses. Although the enclosure is generally among the more pricey components of a solar combiner box, it’s a vital in attaining long-lasting service from the box.

Where should a solar combiner box be mounted?

Ideally, you want your solar combiner box to be mounted on a north-facing wall where shade is available. This helps to limit the amount of direct sunlight it endures. As you can imagine, long periods of sun exposure can increase the temperatures of the internal combiner. This can reduce both the effectiveness and lifespan of the components in the box. It should also be noted that size does matter. Larger enclosures allow greater air volume and surface area. This is handy in cooling the internal components. As well, by allowing more room to work during installation and maintenance, larger enclosures make field wiring much easier. For more information about solar combiner boxes, please don’t hesitate to give Flux Connectivity a call at 1-800-557-FLUX. You may also email us at connect@fluxconnectivity.com.